Study Notes by NotesFlux

Energy stores and systems In this chapter you will learn: How to define an Energy System and Energy Stores ? What are different types of Energy Stores ? How to calculate Kinetic Energy , Elastic Potential Energy and Gravitational Potential Energy ? How to calculate change in Thermal Energy ? The law of conservation of Energy. Transfer of energy between Energy Stores . Pathways for transfer of energy. What is a system? A system is an object or a group of objects. Therefore, we can say that an Energy System consists of either a single object or a group of objects. It is important to note that whenever a system changes, there are changes in the way energy is stored within that system. System, energy and energy stores Before we look at different types of energy stores, we should understand a few related terms

English Grammar roadmap English Grammar roadmap for ESL and IELTS Welcome to our study plan for English Grammar, designed for those preparing for the IELTS or ESL exams. This guide is also perfect for anyone who wants to improve their English language skills. English Grammar is a fundamental aspect of language learning, and having a solid understanding of its rules and principles can greatly improve your ability to communicate effectively. In this study plan, we will provide you with a roadmap to mastering English Grammar, covering the key areas that you need to focus on to achieve success. Whether you're a beginner or an advanced learner, this guide will help you build a strong foundation in English Grammar and take your language skills to the next level. Watch the introduction: 1. Introduction to Grammar Parts of speech: Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections Basic sente

How to prepare for the IELTS exam? To provide you with the best opportunity for success in your IELTS exam it is vital that you understand that format of the assessment itself. The IELTS Academic exam is split into four sections; listening, reading, writing and speaking. The purpose of this article is to focus on how to best prepare for the listening , reading and writing elements of the exam due to the fact that the speaking component is conducted separately. Disclaimer: Please note that although this is advice is certainly useful, it is by no means a guarantee that you will receive a good grade in the exam. Unfortunately, there are too many factors involved to assure this, but the advice given here will certainly be a strong foundation for you to build upon. Let's first understand the structure (format) of these tests, individually: Firstly, the IELTS listening test consists of 4 recordings which yo

What are Complex and Compound Sentences? In English, sentences can be formed using different types and numbers of clauses. Depending on the type and number of clauses used, we can classify a sentence as a simple , compound or complex sentence. In this article we will focus on complex and compound sentences. What is a Complex Sentence? A complex sentence has one independent (or main) clause , and at-least one dependent (or subordinate) clause. The independent and dependent clauses are joined together using an appropriate conjunction . An independent , or main , clause does not depend on the other clause. It makes sense as a separate sentence, and that is why it is called "independent". On the other hand, a subordinate clause does not make sense on its own. It depends on the main clause to form a sentence. In other words, it does not express a complete thought. A subordinate clause begins with a connective like "while

What are Clauses? Definition: A clause is a group of words that consists of a verb and a subject . The verb indicates an action or a state of being, while the subject is someone or something performing the action. In other words, the verb describes the action or state of being, and the subject is who or what performs the action. Often, a clause can form a complete sentence on its own because it conveys a complete thought. Clauses that can be read as a standalone sentence are classified as main clauses (or independent clauses). In some cases, however, a clause might depend on another clause to make complete sense. Such clauses are called subordinate clauses (or dependent clauses). We will look into these types in detail below. Here are a few examples: I was standing near a wall. She made tea for the guest. They are singing in a loud voice. Note: A clause is different from a phrase because a phrase does not

Gerunds, Participles and Infinitives In this chapter we will learn about: What are gerunds? What are Participles? Difference between gerunds and participles What are infinitives? In English grammar, there are words that are derived from verbs; however, they do not function as verbs. They function as adjectives, adverbs, or nouns instead. Such words are called verbals . There are three types of verbals: gerunds, participles (when used as adjectives) and infinitives. Most non-finite verbs in English are verbals. What are gerunds? Definition: A gerund is a verb form that ends in "-ing" , and functions as a noun . Therefore, gerunds are words that are formed with verbs; however, they act as nouns. For example, the gerund form of the verb "read" is "reading". A gerund can be used as a subject , a direct object , a complement , or an object of a p